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The Arizona courts refer to a prenuptial agreement as a “premarital agreement.” A premarital agreement is a legal contract drafted between two parties prior to getting married, and in Arizona it is effective upon marriage, like most states. Arizona’s Uniform Premarital Agreement Act (UPAA) is the law of the land in Arizona pertaining to prenups and outlines the rules and requirements for a valid agreement. The terms of an Arizona prenup agreement may outline limitations on Spousal Maintenance and the rights to property acquired prior to, during, or after marriage- including but not limited to assets, debt, inheritance, gifts, real estate, income, and earnings, as well as future interests. On the other hand, a prenup in Arizona cannot limit or contract around child support or child custody. What is the UPAA, and how does it apply to prenups? Here’s an explanation.
What makes an Arizona prenup enforceable?
For an Arizona prenup to be considered valid, you should consider the following under The Arizona Uniform Premarital Agreement Act (ARS § 25-201, et seq.):
A tale of two sides
A landmark case that still holds precedent about Arizonian premarital agreements comes from Pownall v. Pownall. The case goes as follows. Husband and wife were scheduled to be married on May 28, 1994. Four days before the wedding, the couple went to the husband’s attorney’s office to discuss the prenup agreement. The contract kept the husband’s existing pizza business and any future businesses separate from the wife. As required by law, the husband’s attorney explained to the wife that he was not representing her and only representing the husband. The husband offered to pay for an attorney for the wife, but she declined. She signed the agreement, and the couple got married four days later. Husband filed for divorce two years later. Wife claimed that the premarital agreement was not valid because it was not conscionable, and she did not enter it voluntarily.
So, was this prenuptial agreement found to be valid? Yes! The court ultimately found this premarital agreement was valid. The court said that she did enter this voluntarily because she could have obtained independent legal advice but did not take it. Also, even though the agreement was presented four days before the wedding, it was not considered involuntary because they could have postponed the wedding.
It was also decided that the contract was not unconscionable. The court said that the agreement was not unconscionable because the terms were simply protecting the husband’s business interest. In addition, she had plenty of financial disclosure of the husband’s assets. She even worked for one of his businesses, thus giving her enough insight into the financial successes of his companies.
Separate property in Arizona
Official term for property not considered part of the marital estate
Separate property in Arizona is anything owned by the spouse before the marriage or is acquired by the spouse during the marriage as a gift or inheritance by a third party. This also includes any gains on the property (i.e., rent, interest, etc.). Otherwise, if this is not to your liking, you will need to specify it clearly in a legal document (such as a premarital or postnuptial agreement).
>>For more fine print, review Arizona Revised Statute, Chapter 2 of Title 25 – Husband and Wife, Property and Contract Rights
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Spousal support in Arizona
Term used for Spousal Support: “Spousal Maintenance” Upon Dissolution of the Marriage or Legal Separation
Arizona offers a few different types of spousal support, including temporary maintenance (a.k.a. “pendente lite”), rehabilitative maintenance (a.k.a. “temporary support”), and permanent maintenance.
Temporary maintenance (a.k.a. “pendente lite”) is support from one spouse to another only during the duration of the divorce. It allows the economically disadvantaged spouse to have support during the financially draining divorce process.
Rehabilitative maintenance (a.k.a. “temporary support”) allows the disadvantaged spouse to get back on their feet financially after the divorce. This incentivizes the other disadvantaged spouse to become financially independent and not be forced to rely on their ex-spouse forever.
Permanent maintenance is what you usually think of when you think of spousal support/maintenance. This is ongoing support from one spouse to the other economically disadvantaged spouse. This is typically reserved for extreme cases, and Arizona courts do not grant this easily.
Ending a marriage in Arizona
Like many states, the three ways that a couple can legally end a marriage are through divorce, legal separation, and annulment. Only one party needs to begin the process of ending a marriage (but don’t get us wrong, it takes two to make it work!) If one party wants to divorce the other party, it is within their sole right to do so, and the other non-participating party does not have to agree to begin the process. If a non-participating spouse does not partake in the proceedings, a default judgment will be entered and force the divorce to proceed.
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